Firearm.



PATENTED JAN. 23, 1906.

A. J. SAVAGE.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26,1905.

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A. J. SAVAGE.

FIREARM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20.1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES J ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR J. SAVAGE, OF UTIOA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOLCOMPANY, OF (/HIOOPEE FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS.

FIREARM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 23, 1906.

To all whom it Wbay concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR J. SAVAGE, of Utica, in the county of Oneidaand State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Firearms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters andfigures of reference marked thereon, which form part of thisspecification.

The object of my invention is to provide a firearm embodying newfeatures which increase the utility and efficiency and reduce the costof construction.

Generally, the present construction belongs to that class of repeatingrifles having a tubu- 2o lar magazine arranged under the barrel and inwhich the breech mechanism is operated by a sliding handle under thebarrel.

Figure 1 shows a vertical longitudinal section of the frame and adjacentparts of the stock, barrel, &c., together with other working parts,taken substantially on the central line of the frame and with thebreech-bolt in open position. Fi 2 shows a similar section with thebreech-b0 t in closed position. Fig.

3 shows a section taken on line A A of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows a sideelevation of the receiver or frame detached from all other parts. Fig. 5shows a section taken on line B of the frame. Fig. 6 shows an end viewof the left- 3 5 hand end of the frame as same is shown in Fig. 4. Fig.7 shows an end view of the righthand end of the frame. Fig. 8 shows aside elevation of the breech-bolt. Fig. 9 shows a front end view of thebreech-bolt.

0 Referring to the reference letters and figures in a more particulardescription, 1 indicates the receiver or frame, which consists in themain of what is known as a screw-machine piece. At the forward end thispiece 5, has a collar portion 1 which, among other things, is internallyscrew-threaded to receive the reduced screw-threaded rear end of thebarrel 2. Screw-threaded into the lower side of the collar part I is astud 3, which provides a support for the rear end of the tubularmagazine 4 and is adapted to receive in its lower end a screw '5 forsecuring the stock 6 to the frame. The frame is longitudinally recessed,as indicated at a, to receive the breech-bolt 7 and the firing-pin 8. Atthe middle portion the frameis recessed to the top and bottom, affordingan opening through the frame, as shown particularly by Fig. 5.

In this opening more particularly is located the breech-bolt 7, which isof a block-form construction, and the same is adapted to re-, ciprocatelongitudinally of and rise and fall within the slotted opening a in theframe.

For operating the breech-bolt there is provided under the barrel 2 andpreferably embracing the magazine-tube 4 a sliding handle 9, connectingby means of the action-bar 10 with the breech-bolt 7, the action-barbeing provided adjacent to its rear end with a stud or projection 10which enters an inclined 7o slotted'opening 7 in one of the dependingwalls or flanges of the breech-bolt 7. The breech-bolt 7 is furthermounted and held for action in the frame by the firing-pin 8, whichenters at its forward end a longitudinal opening in the breech-bolt.

The firing-pin, it will be noted, is of a tubular constructlon andwithin the tube receives the firing-spring 1 1, the forward end of whichimpinges upon the front closed end of the fir- 8o ing-pin, while therear end of the spring engages upon a cylindrical block 12, arrangedWithin the bore of the firing-pin and supported in the rear end of theframe on a cross-pin 13, on which it is adapted to rock freely. The sidewalls of the rear end of the firing-pin 8 are slotted longitudinally ofthe same, as indicated at 14, to provide clearance for the pin 13 andallow the reciprocating motion of the firing-pin. The rear end of thetubular firingpin is closed by a plug 15, secured in place therein, theforward lower end of which affords the sear catch-shoulder, while therear end forms a knob or handle with another catch-shoulder, as willhereinafter appear. 5

The forward .end of the firing-pin 8 is provided with thecartridge-striking projection 8, which projection is adapted to operatethrough an opening in the front Wall of the breech-bolt, which frontwall also acts as a stop for the firing-pin in its forward movement andparticularly so when the breechbolt is in its open osition. The strikingprojection 8" is pre erably not adapted to strike opposite the bore oropening 2 of the barrel, but against the end of the barrel at the upperedge of the opening, as appears quite clearly from Fig. 2 of thedrawings. In

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order to lock the breech-bolt in closed position when the breech-bolt isbreeched up and ready for firing, there is provided a sliding catch 18.This catch is mounted in a longitudinal hole or opening 1 in the frontcollar portion of the frame and is provided with a projecting knob 18*,by which it may be manually operated, and is backed by a spring 19,arranged to throw it into its projecting and locking position, theprojecting position being shown in Fig. 1. The rear end of the catch 18is adapted to engage in an opening 7 in the forward end of thebreech-bolt and secure the breech-bolt in closed position. In order toautomatically retire the catch 18 after the gun has been fired, there isprovided in the front end of the firing-pin a rojectingpin 20, adaptedto pass through t e opening 7 c and strike the front end of the catch 18and retire it when the firing-pin operates to strike the cartridge.

The sear 25 is pivoted at 26 in the rear end of the frame and isprovided on its rear swinging end with a shoulder, as shown, adapted tocatch on the front lower corner of the part 15, as before suggested. Thetrigger 27 is pivoted at 28 in a downwardly-projecting stud 29, providedon the rear end' of the frame, and has an arm 27 adapted to strike theforward swinging end of the sear 25 when the breech-bolt is closed andthe firing-pin drawn back preparatory to striking and adapted to operatethe sear. Interposed between the sear 25 and a rearwardlyeextendingprojection of the trigger 27 is a spring 30, adapted to operate both thetrigger and the sear. In the rear end of the sear 25 there is alsoprovided a cross-pin 25*, adapted under certain circumstances to engagewith the hook 15 on the head of the firing-pin and secure the firing-pinin a slightly-retired positionnamely, with the striking-projection 8held back, so as to not strike the cartridge.

The cartridge-carrier consists of a platelike piece 35, pivoted adjacentto its rear end at 36 in the frame-stud 29 before mentioned. The rearend of the carrier 35 is extended to provide a stop or block for thetrigger, it being adapted to engage with the arm 27 thereof,particularly as shown in Fig. 2. On the forward end the carrier 35 isprovided with a socket part 35 having a socket let into the same fromthe front end to receive the cartridges. The socket is rigidly attachedto the front end of the carrier 35, and the socket is somewhat cut awayon the lower side, and there is provided a cam end 35 on the front endof the carrier adapted to engage and cam back into or toward themagazine the cartridge at the magazine-outlet.

This firearm is adapted to automatically take and handle three or moresizes of cartridges promiscuously placed in the magazine, if desired,and to that end the arrangement of the socket in the socket part 35 theshape of the cam projection 35 and its relation to the rear end of themagazine are all features requiring particular attention in order tosecure the desired result.

The manner in which the cam projection 35 cams back the cartridge in themouth of the magazine and prevents it being expelled into the frame whenthe carrier is in its upward position is shown in Fig. 1. At this pointit may be noted that within the tubular magazine 4 there is provided afollower 45 and a follower-spring 1 the two 0 erating to move thecartridges toward t e rear or delivery end of the magazine.

One of the side walls of the carrier-socket piece 35 is slotted, asshown at 35, and in this slot is ada ted to operate on the forwardmovement of t e bolt the extractor 40, which is a spring-hook providedon the bolt in an ordinary manner.

The breech-bolt is provided on its opposite sides near the front endwith shoulders 7 preferably inclined and adapted to engage with thebreech-up shoulders 50 in the forward end of the frame adjacent to theend of the barrel. In the rear lower corner of the breech-bolt there isprovided a clippingpin 51, adapted to engage, when the breechbolt ismoved to the rearward position, with projection 35 on the carrier at apoint above the plane of the pivot 36 and swing the car rier from itslower to its upper position. In its forward movement the pin 51 on thebreech-bolt is adapted to engage with the inclined shoulder 35 on thecarrier and ride the carrier down into its lower position.

The operation of the arm may be briefly described as follows: Startingwith the parts in which they are shown in Fig. 1, the operator slidesthe handle 9 forwardly along the tubular magazine. This movement firsttends to move the breech-bolt 7 and the firing-pin 8 toward the barrel.Almost immediately the firing-pin is caught by the sear 25 and itsmovement restrained. The breechbolt continues to move forward the lowerends of the shoulders 7 ridin on the u er edge of the receiver-wallsuntiI the shou ers 7 d are enabled to drop in or pass in front of thebreech-u shoulder 50, when the breechbolt moves ownwardly into closedposition. Immediately upon its reaching the closed position the same islocked by the catch 18. As the breech-bolt moves forward the extractor40, operating through the slot 35 in the car rier-head, engages with thecartridge in the socket and moves it forward into the barrel. While thecartridge may not be entirely forced to its seat in the barrel, it maybe forced in sufliciently so that the lower front edge of thebreech-bolt can engage with the same and cam it home as it drops intoits final position. As the breech-bolt makes its down- Ward movementinto final locked position the breechbolt and firing-pin rock or turn onthe pin 13 as a pivot and the forward end of the firing-pin will bedrawn back considerably within the breech-bolt, allowing it considerablemovement under the influence of the firing-spring to strike thecartridge. It will be noted that the sear is so arranged and constructedas to allow it to follow the swinging movement as the firing-pin andbreechbolt swing around the pin 13, and the arrangement is such that atthe completion of the movement the sear will be in close relation to thetrigger 27, so as to be conveniently operated thereby. When the trigger27 is operated, it operates through the medium of the sear to releasethe firing-pin 8, which immediately is impelled forward by the spring,and the striker 8 engages and explodes the cartridge. In so doing thepin 20 also -comes forward and disengages the catch 18, so that themechanism is free to be operated into open position by the slidinghandle under the barrel. In case the cartridge fails to be exploded bythe blow of the hammer or firingpin the same can be cooked for arepetition by the operator grasping the knob on the rear end of thefiring-pin and drawing it backward until it is caught by the sear 25.I/Vhen the cartridge-carrier is in its lower position and the socket inthe head part thereof is empty, a cartridge will be expelled from themagazine and delivered into the socket in the carrier. When themechanism is opened by drawing back on the sliding handle 9, thebreech-bolt first rises substantially vertically and until theextractor-hook 40 moves up and becomes engaged with the rear end of thespent shell. The movement of the breechbolt is then rearwardly, whichextracts the shell from the chamber in the barrel and also compressesthe firing-spring. The shell is drawn out on top of the carrier-head 35and is thrown out of the top of the frame when the carr'ier is movedinto its upper position.

In case it is desired to open the gun when same is in firing conditionwithout firing it can be done by manually releasing the catch 18 bymeans of the projecting knob provided in connection with this catch. Itmay also be noted at this point that when the gun is in breeched-upcondition, cocked and ready for firing, it cannot be opened by operatingthe slide 9, which is quite important, in that many shooters in aiminthe gun unintentionally draw back on the handle 9. In case it is desiredto carry the gun practically in condition ready for shooting for sometime, but still have it safe, the firing-pin can be let down by theoperator grasping the knob on the rear end of the firing-pin, pullingthe trigger to release the same, and let the firing-pin move forwardslowly until it is caught and held by the cross-pin 25 engaging with thehooks 15 on the under side of the head of the firing-pin. The positionof these hooks with firing condition by the operator graspmg the firinpin head and drawing the same back unti it becomes caught by the sear.

It is evident that numerous changes and.

modifications in and from the construction shown and described may bemade without departing from the spirit of my invention or theequivalents of the construction.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination in a firearm of a frame, a breech-bolt slidinglymounted with reference to the frame, and a firing-pin engaging thebreech-bolt and slidably connected with the frame and serving as asupport and guide for the breech-bolt, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination in a firearm of a frame, a breech-bolt, means tooperate the breech-bolt, a firing-pin mounted in part in the breech-boltand in part on the frame pivotally and slidably connected to the latterand serving as a guide for the breech-bolt in opening and closing,substantially as set forth.

3. A frame for firearms, consisting of a general cylindrical body withan applied magazine-supporting stud or projection at the front, and anapplied mechanism-carrying stud or projection at the rear, substantiallyas set forth.

4. A frame for firearms, consisting of the body having the collar part 1at the forward end, the U-shaped form at the rear end and longitudinallyslotted in a vertical plane between the forward and rear ends, andhaving the magazine-supporting stud 3 attached to the collar at theforward end, and the mechanism-supporting stud 29 attached to the U-shaped rear end, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination in and with the operating parts of a firearm of thebreech-bolt mounted in part upon the firing-pin and adapted to swingaround a pivot into locking and unlocking position with reference to theframe, of a seat adapted to engage the firingpin and permit the swingingmovement of the breech-bolt and firing-pm without becomin disengaged,substantially as set forth.

6. he combination in afirearm of the frame slotted longitudinally, abreech-bolt received in the slot of the frame and longitudinallyrecessed, a tubular firing-pin received within the longitudinal recessof the breechbolt, a firing-spring within the firing-pin, a fixed pinsecured in the rear of the frame and passing through slotted openings inthe sides of the firing-pin and affording a support for the firing-pin,mechanism for operating the breech-bolt and a safety-catch arranged inthe frame at the rear end of the barrel and adapted to engage thebreech-bolt to secure the same, a firing-pin arranged to operate saidcatch to unlock position and means for independently and manuallyoperating said catch, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination in a firearm of a frame having longitudinal ways andrecoilshoulders, a relatively short breech-bolt having shoulders adaptedto be moved in and out of engagement with the recoil-shoulders by alateral movement and for longitudinal movement on said ways, afiring-pin slidably mounted in the breech-bolt at its forward end andmounted for a rocking and sliding movement in the frame at its rear end,and means for operating the breech-bolt and the firing-pin,substantially as set forth.

9. A frame for firearms consisting of a general cylindrical body with anapplied stock and mechanism-supportin stud or pro j ection at the frontand an app ied mechanism-supporting stud at the rear, substantially asset forth.

10. The combination in a firearm of a frame having longitudinal ways andrecoilshoulders, a breech-bolt having shoulders to engage therecoil-shoulders and adapted to slide on said ways, a firing-pin en aginthe breech-bolt at its forward on and ongitudinally slotted at its rearend, a pin supported in the rear end of the frame and passing throughthe slot of the firing-pin and serving as a support and pivot for thebolt, and means for operating the bolt and operating the firing-pin,substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have affixed my signature, in presence of twowitnesses, this 24th day of June, 1905.

ARTHUR J. SAVAGE.

Witnesses r S. I. DE VINE, E. S. HESSE.

with.

